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Rassegna Stampa Scientifica Luglio 2023
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"Councils are joining paediatricians in calling for a ban on disposable vapes owing to the environmental damage they cause and the soaring number of young people taking up the addictive products. The Local Government Association (LGA), which represents councils in England and Wales, said urgent action was needed to save taxpayers’ money – as single-use e-cigarettes are costly to recycle without going through special treatment – protect the planet and keep children safe. With the EU proposing a ban from 2026 and France due to introduce one this December, there are concerns that more vapes could flood into the UK." [Sarah Marsh, Councils in England and Wales join calls for ban on disposable vapes, The Guardian]
“The British Medical Association (BMA) will review the potential dangers of vaping in a bid to tackle the “growing epidemic” of e-cigarette usage. At its annual representative meeting in Liverpool on Wednesday, [July 5], the BMA was urged to explore the dangers of vaping, as well as calling for plain packaging on e-cigarettes in line with tobacco and cigarettes. The motion, which was approved by members, also urged a ban on flavoured vapes and said more should be done about products being sold to under 18s illegally… Last month, NHS [National Health Service] figures revealed 40 children and young people were admitted to hospital in England last year for “vaping related disorders”, up from 11 two years earlier.” [Storm Newton. Review to tackle ‘growing epidemic’ of vaping, The Independent]
"The number of women diagnosed with lung cancer in the UK is expected to overtake men this year for the first time... Cancer experts said the “very stark” figures reflected historical differences in smoking prevalence, specifically that smoking rates peaked much earlier in men than women. Women should now be as alert to potential lung cancer signs as they were about checking for lumps in their breasts, they said... Ministers must do more to help smokers to quit, [Cancer Research UK’s prevention policy manager Alizée] Froguel said. “Lung cancer causes more deaths in the UK than any other cancer type, and smoking is by far the biggest cause of the disease. But funding cuts have meant that there aren’t enough public health campaigns to encourage people to quit smoking, and many people don’t have access to the services that will support them to do so.”" [Andrew Gregory. Lung cancer diagnoses of UK women to outnumber men’s for first time, The Guardian]
“German Health Minister Karl Lauterbach is pushing for a ban to prevent smoking in cars where minors and pregnant women are passengers, German media group RedaktionsNetzwerk Deutschland (RND) reported on Friday [July 7]… Smoking in cars is not currently illegal in Germany. The plan, which is part of Lauterbach's draft proposal to legalize cannabis, aims to expand the existing Non-Smokers Protection Act… The expansion of the smoking ban, which already applies in public transport, is intended to "ensure the necessary protection from passive smoking for this particularly vulnerable group of people," according to the draft cited by RND. Smoking in cars has been proven to pose higher risks due to the small space volume.” [No author. Germany: Minister plans ban on smoking in cars with children, DW]
“The papers in this issue provide further insight into e-cigarettes and can inform what might be done to maximise their benefits and reduce their harms. Clearly, the heterogeneity of the e-cigarette—for example, the range of design features of the devices and liquids that influence their appeal, the variation in use patterns and the extent to which they deliver nicotine and other chemicals to users—poses many challenges for research as well as for regulation. The continued rapid change in the products that are available and how they are marketed does not help. From a policy perspective, we need to remain open-minded about the interventions that could achieve our policy goals, evaluate their impacts and unintended consequences and remember that policies that address a very circumscribed target may result in a ‘whack-a-mole’ state where our ‘solution’ yields another problem popping up elsewhere.”
Editorial
Broad range of research on e-cigarettes
Tobacco Control 2023;32:e137-e138.
Online issue publication July 19, 2023
Joanna E Cohen
https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/32/e2/e137
Ed. Note: Virtually all papers in this new e-issue of Tobacco Control (August 2023 - Volume 32 - e2) appeared Online First in 2021-2022 and were highlighted in earlier editions of this bulletin. All papers are now Open Access.
"In 2021, 4.5% of adults aged 18 and over were current e-cigarette users, with people aged 18–24 having the highest levels (11.0%) compared with those aged 25–44 (6.5%) and 45 and over (2.0%). Men had higher percentages of e-cigarette use overall and among adults aged 25–44. E-cigarette use among those aged 18 and over was highest among White adults and those living in families with the lowest level of family income... Dual use of tobacco products is a health concern because it may result in greater exposure to toxins and worse respiratory outcomes than using either product alone. In 2021, most e-cigarette users aged 18–24 had never smoked cigarettes."
Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults Aged 18 and Over: United States, 2021
NCHS Data Brief No. 475, July 2023
Ellen A. Kramarow and Nazik Elgaddal
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db475.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db475.pdf
Note: Open Access.
“Maternally nicotine vaped embryos exhibited histological and transcriptional changes consistent with impaired distal lung development. Embryonic lung gene expression changes mimicked transcriptional changes observed in adult mouse lungs exposed to cigarette smoke, suggesting that the developmental defects may be due to direct nicotine exposure… Nicotine directly binds and inhibits the Kcnj2 potassium channel which is important for bone development… These data indicate that intrauterine nicotine exposure disrupts fetal lung and skeletal development likely through inhibition of Kcnj2.”
Intrauterine exposure to nicotine through maternal vaping disrupts embryonic lung and skeletal development via the Kcnj2 potassium channel
Dev Biol. 2023 Sep;501:111-123. Epub 2023 Jun 22.
Yunus H Ozekin, Maxwell L Saal, Ricardo H Pineda, Kayla Moehn, Madison A Ordonez-Erives, Maria F Delgado Figueroa, Caleb Frazier, Kamryn M Korth, Melanie Königshoff, Emily A Bates, Eszter K Vladar
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001216062300101X
Note: Open Access.
“All animals exposed to CC [conventional cigarettes] and EC [e-cigarettes] showed an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. There was an increase of IL-6 [Interleukin-6] in males and females exposed to EC. The IL-13 levels were higher in the females exposed to EC and CC. Both sexes exposed to EC and CC presented tissue damage characterized by septal destruction and increased alveolar spaces compared to control. Our results demonstrated that exposure to CC and EC induced pulmonary emphysema in both sexes, and females seem to be more susceptible to EC.”
Long-term e-cigarette aerosol exposure causes pulmonary emphysema in adult female and male mice
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
Volume 142, August 2023, 105412
Available online 27 May 2023
Andrea Jazel Rodriguez-Herrera, Ana Beatriz Farias de Souza, Thalles de Freitas Castro, Pedro Alves Machado-Junior, Elena Cecilia Marcano-Gomez, Tatiana Prata Menezes, Maria Laura da Cruz Castro, André Talvani, Daniela Caldeira Costa, Sílvia Dantas Cangussú, Frank Silva Bezerra
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230023000806
“Twelve months after purchasing JUUL, almost all smokers reported either switching or reducing their smoking by 50%+, including those who had recently failed to quit smoking with approved pharmacotherapies. E-cigarettes provide an alternative route to abstinence from smoking for smokers with a history of cessation and cessation treatment failure.”
Switching away from smoking at 12 months among adult JUUL users varying in recent history of quit attempts made with and without smoking cessation medication
Drug Testing and Analysis
First published: 25 July 2023
Saul Shiffman, Michael J. Hannon
Funding Information: Funding for this study was provided by Juul Labs Inc. The sponsor approved the research plan and provided comment on a near-final draft of the paper.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
Through Pinney Associates, SS and MJH provide consulting services on tobacco harm reduction on an exclusive basis to Juul Labs Inc. The funding for this study was provided by Juul Labs Inc. The sponsor approved the research plan and provided comment on a near-final draft of the paper.
https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.3551
